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Iqbal-poetry and philosophy?
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[quote][quote]I want to learn the meaning with context of these verses : وَالشُّعَرَاء يَتَّبِعُهُمُ الْغَاوُونَ (26:224) 26:224 (Asad) And as for the poets [99] [they, too, are prone to deceive themselves: and so, only] those who are lost in grievous error would follow them. - أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّهُمْ فِي كُلِّ وَادٍ يَهِيمُونَ (26:225) 26:225 (Asad) Art thou not aware that they roam confusedly through all the valleys [of words and thoughts], [100] - وَأَنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ مَا لَا يَفْعَلُونَ (26:226) 26:226 (Asad) and that they [so often] say what they do not do [or feel]? - ------ [/quote][blue]Please read from Verse 221 to Verse 227 to know the context in which those Verses were revealed.[/blue] [quote] هَلْ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ عَلَى مَن تَنَزَّلُ الشَّيَـطِينُ - تَنَزَّلُ عَلَى كُلِّ أَفَّاكٍ أَثِيمٍ - يُلْقُونَ السَّمْعَ وَأَكْثَرُهُمْ كَـذِبُونَ - وَالشُّعَرَآءُ يَتَّبِعُهُمُ الْغَاوُونَ - أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّهُمْ فِى كُلِّ وَادٍ يَهِيمُونَ - وَأَنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ مَا لاَ يَفْعَلُونَ - إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ وَذَكَرُواْ اللَّهَ كَثِيراً وَانتَصَرُواْ مِن بَعْدِ مَا ظُلِمُواْ وَسَيَعْلَمْ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ أَىَّ مُنقَلَبٍ يَنقَلِبُونَ 221. Shall I inform you upon whom the Shayatin descend 222. They descend on every lying, sinful person (Athim). 223. Who gives ear, and most of them are liars. 224. As for the poets, the astray follow them, 225. See you not that they speak about every subject in their poetry 226. And that they say what they do not do. 227. Except those who believe and do righteous deeds, and remember Allah much and vindicate themselves after they have been wronged. And those who do wrong will come to know by what overturning they will be overturned. [/quote] [blue][b]Refutation of the Fabrications of the Idolators[/b] Here Allah addresses those idolators who claimed that what was brought by the Messenger was not the truth but was merely something that he had made up by himself, or that it came to him in visions from the Jinn. Allah stated that His Messenger was above their claims and fabrications, and that what he had brought did indeed come from Allah, and that it was a revelation and inspiration, brought down by a noble, trustworthy and mighty angel. It did not come from the Shayatin, because they have no desire for anything like this Noble Qur'an -- they descend upon those who are like them, the lying fortune-tellers. Allah says:[/blue] [green][هَلْ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ] (Shall I inform you) [/green] [blue]meaning, shall I tell you,[/blue] [green]هَلْ أُنَبِّئُكُمْ عَلَى مَن تَنَزَّلُ الشَّيَـطِينُ - تَنَزَّلُ عَلَى كُلِّ أَفَّاكٍ أَثِيمٍ (upon whom the Shayatin descend They descend on every lying, sinful person (Athim)) [/green] [blue]meaning, one whose speech is lies and fabrication.[/blue] [green]أَثِيم (Athim)[/green] [blue]means, whose deeds are immoral. This is the person upon whom the Shayatin descend, fortune-tellers and other sinful liars. The Shayatin are also sinful liars.[/blue] [green][يُلْقُونَ السَّمْعَ] (Who gives ear, )[/green] [blue]means, they try to overhear what is said in the heavens, and they try to hear something of the Unseen, then they add to it a hundred lies and tell it to their human comrades, who then tell it to others. Then the people believe everything they say because they were right about the one thing which was heard from the heavens.[/blue] [blue][b]Refutation of the Claim that the Prophet was a Poet[/b][/blue] [green][وَالشُّعَرَآءُ يَتَّبِعُهُمُ الْغَاوُونَ ] (As for the poets, the astray ones follow them.)[/green] [blue]`Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas that this means: "The disbelievers follow the misguided among mankind and the Jinn.'' This was also the view of Mujahid, `Abdur-Rahman bin Zayd bin Aslam, and others. `Ikrimah said, "Two poets would ridicule one another in verse, with one group of people supporting one and another group supporting the other. Hence Allah revealed the Ayah,[/blue] [green][وَالشُّعَرَآءُ يَتَّبِعُهُمُ الْغَاوُونَ ] (As for the poets, the erring ones follow them.) [أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّهُمْ فِى كُلِّ وَادٍ يَهِيمُونَ ] (See you not that they speak about every subject in their poetry) [/green] [blue]`Ali bin Abi Talhah reported from Ibn `Abbas that this means: "They indulge in every kind of nonsense.'' Ad-Dahhak reported that Ibn `Abbas said, "They engage in every kind of verbal art.'' This was also the view of Mujahid and others.[/blue] [green][وَأَنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ مَا لاَ يَفْعَلُونَ ] (And that they say what they do not do. )[/green] [blue]Al-`Awfi reported that Ibn `Abbas said that at the time of the Messenger of Allah , two men, one from among the Ansar and one from another tribe, were ridiculing one another in verse, and each one of them was supported by a group of his own people, who were the foolish ones, and Allah said:[/blue] [green][وَالشُّعَرَآءُ يَتَّبِعُهُمُ الْغَاوُونَ - أَلَمْ تَرَ أَنَّهُمْ فِى كُلِّ وَادٍ يَهِيمُونَ - وَأَنَّهُمْ يَقُولُونَ مَا لاَ يَفْعَلُونَ ] (As for the poets, the erring ones follow them. See you not that they speak about every subject in their poetry And that they say what they do not do.) [/green] [blue]What is meant here is that the Messenger , to whom this Qur'an was revealed, was not a soothsayer or a poet, because his situation was quite obviously different to theirs, as Allah says:[/blue] [green][وَمَا عَلَّمْنَـهُ الشِّعْرَ وَمَا يَنبَغِى لَهُ إِنْ هُوَ إِلاَّ ذِكْرٌ وَقُرْءَانٌ مُّبِينٌ ] (And We have not taught him poetry, nor is it suitable for him. This is only a Reminder and a plain Qur'an.) (36:69), [إِنَّهُ لَقَوْلُ رَسُولٍ كَرِيمٍ - وَمَا هُوَ بِقَوْلِ شَاعِرٍ قَلِيلاً مَّا تُؤْمِنُونَ - وَلاَ بِقَوْلِ كَاهِنٍ قَلِيلاً مَّا تَذَكَّرُونَ تَنزِيلٌ مِّن رَّبِّ الْعَـلَمِينَ ] (That this is verily, the word of an honored Messenger. It is not the word of a poet, little is that you believe! Nor is it the word of a soothsayer, little is that you remember! This is the Revelation sent down from the Lord of all that exits.) (69:40-43)[/green] [blue][b]The Exception of the Poets of Islam[/b][/blue] [green][إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ] (Except those who believe and do righteous deeds,)[/green] [blue]Muhammad bin Ishaq narrated from Yazid bin `Abdullah bin Qusayt, that Abu Al-Hasan Salim Al-Barrad, the freed servant of Tamim Ad-Dari said: "When the Ayah --[/blue] [green][وَالشُّعَرَآءُ يَتَّبِعُهُمُ الْغَاوُونَ ] (As for the poets, the erring ones follow them.) [/green] [blue]was revealed, Hassan bin Thabit, `Abdullah bin Rawahah and Ka`b bin Malik came to the Messenger of Allah , weeping, and said: "Allah knew when He revealed this Ayah that we are poets. The Prophet recited to them the Ayah,[/blue] [green][إِلاَّ الَّذِينَ ءَامَنُواْ وَعَمِلُواْ الصَّـلِحَـتِ] (Except those who believe and do righteous deeds,) [/green] [blue]and said:[/blue] [green]«أَنْتُم» ((This means) you.)[/green] [green][وَذَكَرُواْ اللَّهَ كَثِيراً] (and remember Allah much). [/green] [blue]He said:[/blue] [green]«أَنْتُم» ((This means) you.)[/green] [green][وَانتَصَرُواْ مِن بَعْدِ مَا ظُلِمُواْ] (and vindicate themselves after they have been wronged.) [/green] [blue]He said:[/blue] [green]«أَنْتُم» ((This means) you.) [/green] [green][وَانتَصَرُواْ مِن بَعْدِ مَا ظُلِمُواْ] (and vindicate themselves after they have been wronged.)[/green] [blue]Ibn `Abbas said, "They responded in kind to the disbelievers who used to ridicule the believers in verse.'' This was also the view of Mujahid, Qatadah and several others.[/blue][green][وَسَيَعْلَمْ الَّذِينَ ظَلَمُواْ أَىَّ مُنقَلَبٍ يَنقَلِبُونَ] (And those who do wrong will come to know by what overturning they will be overturned.) [/green] [blue]this refers to the poets and others. The above excerpts are from Tafsir Ibn Kathir. Praise be to Allah, Lord of the worlds.[/blue] Edited by: aboosait on Tuesday, March 02, 2010 2:59 PM[/quote]
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