| Author | Topic |
JunaidHasan
GERMANY
|
 Topic initiated on Thursday, July 27, 2006 - 4:03 AM 
Segregation and Veiling of Women is Non-Islamic
Karen Armstrong writes in her book, Islam A Short History:
"The Quran prescribes some degree of segregation and veiling for the Prophet's wives, but there is nothing in the Quran that requires the veiling of all women or their seclusion in the separate part of the house. These customs were adopted some three or four generations after the Prophet's death. Muslims at that time were copying the Greek Christians of Byzantium, who had long veiled and segregated their women in this manner; they also appropriated some of their Christian misogyny. The Quran makes men and women partners before God, with identical duties and responsibilities. (Quran 33:35) The Quran also came to permit polygamy, at a time when Muslims were being killed in the wars against Mecca, and women were left without protectors, men were permitted to have up to four wives provided that they treat them all with absolute equality and show no signs of Favouring one rather than the others. (Quran 4:3) The women of the first ummah in Madina took full part in its public life, and some, according to Arab custom, fought alongside the men in battle. They did not seem to have experienced Islam as an oppressive religion, though later, as happened in Christianity, men would hijack the faith and bring it into line with the prevailing patriarchy."
(P. 14)
Edited by: JunaidHasan on Friday, July 28, 2006 4:57 AM |
|
sahira
UNITED KINGDOM
|
Posted - Thursday, July 27, 2006 - 12:06 PM 
| salaam brother junaid i read what you are writing but why does it not feel right im talking about myself i would not feel right walking on the street not covering my head or body appropriatly what is then the difference between us and non-muslims? isnt parda of some form better than no parda at all? and if it isnt mentioned in the quran surly the hadiths must mention something about covering and if it is essential or not, everywhere i have read in the hadiths it says a woman should be covered with her veil ,only leaving face and hands as optional my question is why would the hadiths make compulsery what the quran has not? |
|
lubnayasmin
SWEDEN
|
Posted - Thursday, July 27, 2006 - 3:00 PM
| Assalamu aalykum, Junaid Hasan. Question: What is the Islamic law (according to Quran and Hadih)for woman regarding covering body? |
|
JunaidHasan
GERMANY
|
Posted - Friday, July 28, 2006 - 4:21 AM
---
Edited by: junaidhasan on Tuesday, September 29, 2009 11:06 PM |
|
JunaidHasan
GERMANY
|
Posted - Friday, July 28, 2006 - 4:33 AM
---
Edited by: junaidhasan on Tuesday, September 29, 2009 11:06 PM |
|
sahira
UNITED KINGDOM
|
Posted - Friday, July 28, 2006 - 11:07 AM
| thank you brother j that was beautifully explained i will just say when i used the term parda it was very loosly what i meant by it was covering of some forn rather than no covering but i guess i used the worng word for it. |
|
Zulfee
USA
|
Posted - Sunday, July 30, 2006 - 6:16 PM
Those who don’t believe in the ‘Noble Quran’ and ‘One God’ but believe in the corrupt fabricated hadith, are not sincere with the hadith as well. If some hadith comes in the way of their intentions they call it un-authenticated by their own. If they don’t believe in the Noble Quran and totally insincere with their chosen fabricated source, ‘so then how they corrupt are!!’
Only Allah can guide them. |
|
nonstoptaxi
PAKISTAN
|
Posted - Monday, July 31, 2006 - 12:14 PM
zulfee dear,
plz go through this highly recommendable tests:
Do I Need Therapy Test
102 questions, 15-20 min
Are you considering seeking therapy, but are unsure whether it's the right choice for you? If certain issues have been causing dysfunction in your life, and you aren't sure how to make the necessary changes, therapy can help. Dealing with your problems with the help of a professional can get you out of that rut, and into a more productive pattern. Almost anyone with a dysfunction can benefit from seeking professional help from a therapist.
The Do I need Therapy Test will help you determine the steps in your path to emotional wellness. Fill out the following questionnaire truthfully, paying special attention to the specified time period to which the questions refer. The results will only be valid if you answer in an honest and complete manner.
Find out more about this test...
http://psychologytoday.psychtests.com/tests/do_i_need_therapy_access.html |
|
Rakhtal
PAKISTAN
|
Posted - Thursday, August 3, 2006 - 7:38 PM
HIJAB IS A FARD (Obligatory)
By:Yahiya Emerick & Reshma Baig
O Prophet! Say to YOUR WIVES AND YOUR DAUGHTERS and the WOMEN OF THE BELIEVERS that they let down upon them their over-garments; this will be more proper, that they may be known, and thus they will not be given trouble; and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful (Qur'an 33:59).
A popular English saying says that "Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned." The meaning being that if a woman feels like something unfair happened to her, her anger will be limitless. I'm not going to say that that is necessarily true or not, but I have seen shades of it in the worldwide war between women who wear the Hijab (head-scarf) and those who want to oppose it.
Why do I describe it as a war? If you have to ask then you haven't been paying much attention to what women talk about in public meetings, articles, lectures, and even among themselves. The battle consists, quite interestingly, of four distinct war-fronts. They are
1) The women who wear Hijab out of conviction that it is the Islamic thing to do.
2) The women who wear it only because their mothers and grandmothers wore it; unaware of its true Islamic significance.
3) The non-Muslim feminists, rally against anything that covers up even one inch of the female form, but we already expected this from them.
4) And finally there are the secular "Muslim" women, who almost never practice Islam anyway, but who have Muslim names and roots, who make it a point to appear at all Muslim gatherings with hair fashionably styled in full public glory.
For the sake of this article, one issue must be clear from the outset (so as not to ruffle the feathers of too many readers): An operative definition of the Hijab-wearing woman must be constructed. Albeit, as described above, not all Hijab wearers are alike. Women wear the Hijab for varying reasons. In reality, there also exists those noble and true Muslim sisters who wear Hijab because it is Islamically correct. They perceive it as intrinsically empowering. In addition, the Hijab is not a facade (the "I'll wear Hijab then do whatever I like" attitude). The operative definition of a true Hijab wearing Muslim woman is one who correctly follows the guidelines of Qur'an and Sunnah and whose only motivation is to please Allah. (Qur'an 33:59). This type of Hijab wearing woman is intelligent, Allah-fearing, overcoming the temporal trappings of the life of this world, and ultimately very happy with her decision. She is not out to please anyone except her Creator.
Now as stated previously, there are the four groups in this Battle of the Scarf. But it's not a fair war. Although it would seem that there are two factions on each side, in fact, the culturally-based Hijab wearing women are no help to their Islamicly-oriented sisters. The cultural Hijab-wearers don't look at their Hijab as an Islamic duty, but rather as an affiliation with some old-country culture. And in fact, they wear it only out of habit.
Obviously, then, the daughters of such women, feeling more "American" than Arab, Indian, Nigerian (or any culture transmitted by family origin), never wear the Hijab themselves because it's just "culture" and thus the cultural women are no help in the Islamic struggle. Their own offspring become some other "culture" just as they are only motivated by what they grew up with themselves.
Have you ever seen the women, walking in "full" Hijab, but then their two or three daughters, even if they're teenagers, are dressed completely like non-Muslims? It's incredibly common. I feel like asking those mothers. Why are you even wearing Hijab if it wasn't important enough for you to pass on to your daughters?
So the Islamically-oriented Hijab-wearers are quite alone in the face of the assault by the feminists/secular "Muslimahs". The relationship between those two erstwhile allies is strange. The agenda of the Western feminists has always been puzzling. They cry about equality and respect but then push for things that dehumanize women and put them at the mercy of merciless men. They'll say women should be respected for their minds rather than for their bodies, but then they'll say that women should go around in mini-skirts and g-strings. It's funny how some ultra-Feminists argue with pride that the only professions in which women earn more money than men are prostitution and fashion modeling--then, while complaining against violence towards women, they try to encourage more women to be "empowered" by disrobing (utilizing work- place fashions that place more emphasis on the female figure rather than intelligence and qualifications).
Men are an aggressive lot. If you take away clothes from a woman, the man is not suddenly going to start respecting her. Rather he's going to take it as a green light to chase after her. It's interesting how so many male fashion designers are worshipped by Western, European, and now even "Muslim" women. (Armani, De La Renta, Gucci, Mizrahi, Lauren, etc...)
It doesn't take an analyst from Fashion Avenue to figure out that a man will design clothes for women that fits one main criteria: That the outfit be pleasing and attractive to the eyes of a man. From this arises the catch- phrase: "powerful and sexy". Some cultural "Muslims" with more of an interest in fashion (rather than their love for Allah) heed the call of Vogue, Glamour, and Cosmopolitan rather than the guidelines for dress in the Qur'an and Sunnah.
Unfortunately, both "Muslim" men and women have fallen prey to the paradigms of worldly dressing. (Is it really dress for success or dress for sex?). Some brothers are ashamed of their wives and daughters wearing the Hijab in public (the "you look too dowdy with that thing on your head" syndrome.) Some women discourage their own Muslim sisters from wearing the Hijab saying that they'll "never succeed" or "just look old-fashioned and oppressed", or as I've overheard time and time again, "you only need to wear Hijab on Eid or at Jumu'ah prayer".
It must be added here that Muslim women are not being encouraged to dress dowdy, sloppy, or out of the "mode". It is merely being asserted that what is touted as fashionable is not necessarily empowering--or flattering-- in the real sense of the word. Islam arrived on the scene more than 1400 years ago to fortify a woman's dignity; introducing the concept of "covering the parts that elicit desire". Time and time again it is implored that "Allah is beautiful and loves beauty." Our Creator made us beautiful and the dictates of "modern" fashion morph that beauty into something exploitative and ugly.
The feminists say that women should be free and independent, never relying on any man. So the message men extract from this is that now they can have as many lovers as they want and never have to be tied down to one woman ever again. Consequently, a woman who dates can expect to go from man to man for twenty years or more before she can succeed in tying one down in marriage. And now women have to dress even more alluring to attract men, and have to work harder to keep them around lest the "roving eye" spots another, younger, prettier catch. Women, as polls have shown, are more harried, stressed and suffering from acute eating and other disorders than ever before.
Feminists say that all spiritual traditions are male-oriented and have worked to keep women down. While this may be true in the case of Christianity, Hinduism and Judaism, these feminists have no knowledge of Islam. All they see is the stupid, chauvinistic cultural traditions of backward X, Y or Z Muslim country and they equate that with the teachings of Islam. Then pseudo- scholars from the West quote ayat and Hadith out of context and paint a picture of a barbaric religion which seeks death for all.
On the same level, there are also ethnic "Muslim" women out there who do more to disparage Islam and present apologetic misinformation than their non-Muslim associates. Case in point: In a recent New York Times article about the growing number of Hijab wearing women in America, a "Muslimah" doctor from Chicago is quoted as saying that "Hijab has nothing to do with Islam." Her justification was that she was from Pakistan and it's not important over there. This makes one wonder: Which version of Islam is that? Oh, the abridged version. (Qur'an 33:64-68)
At the same time there is the wave of Muslimahs in America who assert their identities as Muslims and are cognizant that the Hijab is a requirement. These are the sisters on the frontlines who you see in various workplace settings with their Hijabs. The Hijab, as many sisters have commented, changes everything. Peoples are compelled to see you as a Muslim and therefore must assess their own feelings about Islam and Muslims. Ill feelings and sincere understanding of the faith are put through the sieve that is the Hijab.
You can imagine the outrage feminists feel when they hear that women are leaving "liberated" Western-secular culture and accepting Islam. I once overheard one feminist say, "Why are they entering a religion that will oppress them." It is so wired. If a woman walks down the street in a french- style head-wrap, nobody blinks an eye. If an old woman has a scarf or net wrapped around her head, nobody even looks. But the minute a woman walks in public with a scarf worn in typical Muslim style, people women mostly, absolutely freak out. Otherwise nice women will start muttering insults or even yelling.
Of course, no one says anything bad when they see a statue of Mary wearing a veil- and she always has a veil on. And no one yells at nuns, many of whom dress more Islamically than most Muslim women. So why the anger at the Hijab? You know, there's an interesting experiment you can try, and it may also save you from committing sins. Whenever a pretty girl walks by, almost every man looks at her, right? In Islam this is discouraged, for obvious reasons. But the next time you see a pretty woman walking by a stationary group of people, don't look at the pretty woman, (save yourself from a sin,) instead, look at the faces of the other women as the pretty woman passes by them. You'll be amazed to see that it's the women who are most blatantly and closely watching the young debutante prance by. And the glances of the women will follow long after the men have lost interest.
It's amazing! Women judge each other by their looks and appearances more than you would imagine. Especially non-Muslim women, who see the new female as a potential rival for male attention. When a Muslim woman, dressed according to her conscience, walks by, you see these same women grimace and make ugly faces. Why are they so threatened by a covered woman even more so than a half-naked one?
Because the half-naked woman is only a rival for a man. The covered woman is a direct challenge to any woman's whole being, sense of self and way of life. A modestly dressed, covered woman is a walking, talking challenge to the women (and men) who are sacrificing their Akhira for success on the terms of Dunya. A woman in Hijab who is a functioning member of society is a clarion call to everyone around her. She symbolizes a woman who is empowered by Allah (swt) rather than by the shabby, eclectic, pop-cultural, spiritually bankrupt throngs who pass as the icons of contemporary society.
The average non-Muslim woman sees nothing wrong with unmarried sexual relations, drinking alcohol, smoking cigarettes, dancing with men, walking around half-naked, maybe taking drugs, gossiping, lying, using foul language, etc... (Who are all those immigrant Muslim men who race to marry such women and ignore their noble Muslim sisters?)
While the Muslim woman, in Hijab, radiates the exact opposite! She doesn't engage in those things and rather tries to be humble, self-controlled, full of nobility and goodness and spiritually motivated. Non-Muslim women freak out because they feel so much shame deep down that they are so rotten and unclean! (Culturally-oriented Hijab-wearers don't threaten them much because they usually are rude, loud and without inner-purity, as well. There is a style of Hijab and a look of inner-purity which distinguishes the conscientious Muslimahs from all others. You can see Taqwa in a person's face!)
A Muslim woman, whose inner-purity is reflected in her behavior, is more beautiful than even the most sensually dressed non-Muslim. So many men I know have said this, both Muslim and non-Muslim! Men love to run after the easy women for "conquests" but they want to marry someone who is pure more than anything else in the world! Non-Muslim women are filled with their shame/rage and it makes them attack Islam and things Islamic with a venom more deadly than any Orientalist ever had.
So many Western women, despairing of the lifestyle in which women have been reduced to mere sex-objects for men, are leaving the immoral lifestyle for the Islamic one in huge numbers. It doesn't matter if they find good husbands or not. They're accepting Islam because it's real, because it speaks to them as women.
But still the non-Muslim women twist their hands in rage. Now, because there is a whole class of Muslim immigrants who grew up worshipping America and the West, associating its technological advancements with its values, the non- Muslim feminists have a useful new tool in their fight against the one thing that shows them how wrong they are. These allies are the women with Muslim names who don't practice Islam, or who at the very most consider Islam to be a praying and fasting "religion" and little else.
These "Muslim" women, who may be victims of backward cultural traditions, think that the "Muslim" culture they came from is what Islam is about. Well, if that was true, I wouldn't like Islam either. I'm sure you'll agree that Muslims are sometimes the worst examples of what Islam categorizes as bad. But most of us are intelligent enough to realize that just because I have to pay a bribe to the policeman or if a woman has to abort her daughter in favor of a male child in the future-- it doesn't mean that Islam teaches that.
But there are a whole class of "Muslims" who can't seem to make such distinctions. They can't seem to understand where culture ends and Islam begins; they can't seem to let go of cultural values and adhere to the teachings of the Qur'an; they can't seem to wash away the taint of culture to expose the illumination of Islam. That would require a sacrifice on their part. (Oh my god! If they followed true Islam they might have to allow their daughters to marry people of a different ethnic group. Can't have that now!)
Already the feminists have destroyed Christianity and Judaism. Read that sentence over one time. Those two religions are now in the dust-bin of history, despite a cough from them every now and then, because they're effectively marginalized. The feminists, without even understanding that Islam is best for them, have brought secular "Muslim" women into their ranks to show the world that Islam should become as quaint and marginalized in society as Christianity is now.
Just on a side note, you know how Christian missionaries are roving all over the world and making thousands of new converts every day? They brag about it and Muslims complain about it because countries like Indonesia and Nigeria are in danger of becoming "Christian" countries in a few decades. But wait a minute! Who are the Christians converting and who is becoming Muslim? The Christians are converting ignorant villagers, uneducated natives and people with Muslim names who don't know anything about Islam. While those who are accepting Islam are Jews and Christians- Westerners who are highly educated and have lived the secular way of life all their lives! The dumb become Christian while the educated become Muslim! There's some food for thought!
Back to the war of the women: How have the feminists used these "secular Muslim" women? They have convinced some "Muslim" women that the path to money and power in this country is through bastardizing your own soul. By conforming to the heathen wishes of the majority, you can achieve loads of worldly success. That if you're a working professional (in any field), that success can only be attained by ripping off the "oppressive weight" of your Hijab and donning a "powerful and sexy" power suit.
As many Hijab wearing, practicing Muslim sisters have commented, the Western feminist ideology only hurts those who are ready to sacrifice their Next Life for the success of the world. Our practicing, Hijab wearing sisters have proved time and time again that they can wear their Hijab and become teachers, doctors, nurses, accountants, principals, economists, professors, etc... On the same level, without sacrificing their identity as Muslims; they are accepting the challenge of success while not simultaneously sacrificing their Islam.
But the feminists have their ready slaves: there are "Muslim" women who are brought by the feminists to their seminars and meetings to give the "Muslim" voice (read: token "Muslim" woman who will lash out against Islam and emerge as the Renaissance Woman Who Emerged From Behind The Veil.) Because these women had no real belief anyway, they almost always parrot, quite shamelessly, the views of the feminists. Then these "Muslim" women become filled with the idea of a crusade against "oppression" in their ethnic communities. An Arab secular "Muslimah" will work her agenda in the Arab community; an Indo-Pak in that community, etc...
It's easy for them to do this given that most of the Muslims who immigrated to this country are as of yet, unorganized and unaffiliated with any Masjid or organization. What's more, we shoot ourselves in the foot because some of our centers are run by people who are also secular in their outlook and just want to be important in the eyes of their associates. (Qur'an 9:107-108). The feminist "Muslimahs" set up clinics with free counseling (toward non-Muslim values), abortion facilities, women's shelters and the like. (They get grants from universities, local governments and feminist organizations.) They say they're helping, but by promoting values in the minds of the women they serve which are unIslamic, they really cause harm in the long run.
They literally make it seem as if all you have to do is remove the Hijab, wear a mini-skirt and give up Islamic teachings then all your problems will be solved. When the root of the problem to begin with is almost always someone in their lives, maybe themselves or their husbands, were not following Islam to begin with! The cure can never be the poison.
The culturally-based Muslim Hijab wearers are the most vulnerable. They are usually, and you know this is true, uneducated village-style women who will listen to anything that sounds "sophisticated". Their Islam is usually a mixture of folklore, cultural traditions, superstitions and the like. They are the majority of women in the Muslim world. They're not bad or evil or anything, they're just completely unaware of real Islam. The feminists and the secular "Muslimahs" want to "liberate" them into the great world of today's used, worn-out, vulgar, "modern" Western woman.
The women who have either accepted Islam or who rediscovered it after living in a Muslim family are often quite alone. Those who love Allah by their own conviction and who seek to follow Islam truly are the enemies of the feminists, and by extension, of the Shaitan. The Shaitan calls people to forget Allah, to forget that they're responsible for their actions and to forget that this life is a short time of testing. He lures people with their animalistic desires and their cravings for the best in life. He whispers that there are no moral standards and that you can do as you please. Those who accept this call, whether with Muslim names or non-Muslim ones, descend to the level of intelligent beasts. (See Qur'an 7:16-17)
I have personally witnessed confrontations between those who wear Hijab by conviction and those secular "Muslimahs" who say it's not required. Every single time, the secular "Muslimahs" have utilized an insulting and nasty tone. Arguing with their worst faces. Of course, one of the signs of a hypocrite is that they'll get nasty in a disagreement, but then again, they don't accept the Hadith usually anyway, unless it seems to agree with their positions. (Qur'an 33:36)
The Muslim women who don't yet wear Hijab, but who desperately want to, sometimes may become afraid of the mean-spirit of the secular "Muslimahs." Nobody wants to be pointed out and nobody wants to be yelled at. I feel bad for these women. Their hearts and minds are tugging them towards true Islam but the nastiness of mean, shame/rage filled people make them afraid to wear Hijab. And sometimes the conscientious Hijab wearers don't always know when to be gentle and don't always encourage their sisters in a thoughtful, sisterly way. This as a result of always having to be on the defensive.
This war will go on for as long as there are women who believe in and love Allah. Many a Muslim man, whose own faith was weak, has fallen to it and pressured his wife or daughters not to wear Hijab. But in the end, the purity is the proof. A Muslimah in Hijab always looks purer than a woman in a mini- skirt. And a Muslimah in Hijab who practices Islam, will always be happier and free of shame, while a "liberated" woman has nothing but the empty standards of fashion magazines, western-style therapy, and empty and temporary "love" affairs to look forward to.
There is one incident that we'll never forget. We were once at a Muslim youth rally on the east coast. There were hundreds of Muslim college students in attendance. As we were moving through the crowd we came upon a group of Hijab wearing sisters. One of the sisters, a young woman of about 18 or 20 was stating, "One thing that scares the heck out of everyone is an articulate, well dressed, intelligent, and professional Muslim sister wearing Hijab". It's true. Because they present the alternative that every woman can attain. That is the real equality and the real standard of respect. (See Qur'an 33:35) The trouble is, so many people are so trapped in the sinful, immoral lifestyle of lies, substance abuse, irresponsibility and chaos, that their shame drives them merely further into rage.
We know of one mother, a Muslim woman, who sent her daughter to an Islamic school in Michigan. The daughter opened her eyes to Islam and wanted to wear her Hijab outside of school, in public, also. But her mother, who was a secular "Muslimah" forbade her to wear Hijab saying, "I won't have my daughter being better than me." May Allah help us and the Muslim women who strive to please their Maker and ultimate judge. Amin.
The authors would like to state that this article is not intended to disparage those Muslim sisters who do not take Hijab for whatever personal reason. It is understood that a sister will take Hijab when she is ready since there is no compulsion in Islam. At the same time, according to the Qur'an, Hijab is a fard and this fact cannot be overlooked. (Qur'an 33:59). Allah (swt) is the final judge. May He give us all courage. Amin. |
|
Rakhtal
PAKISTAN
|
Posted - Thursday, August 3, 2006 - 7:40 PM
|
Zulfee
USA
|
Posted - Thursday, August 3, 2006 - 7:49 PM
quote:
zulfee dear,
plz go through this highly recommendable tests:
Do I Need Therapy Test
102 questions, 15-20 min
Are you considering seeking therapy, but are unsure whether it's the right choice for you? If certain issues have been causing dysfunction in your life, and you aren't sure how to make the necessary changes, therapy can help. Dealing with your problems with the help of a professional can get you out of that rut, and into a more productive pattern. Almost anyone with a dysfunction can benefit from seeking professional help from a therapist.
The Do I need Therapy Test will help you determine the steps in your path to emotional wellness. Fill out the following questionnaire truthfully, paying special attention to the specified time period to which the questions refer. The results will only be valid if you answer in an honest and complete manner.
Find out more about this test...
http://psychologytoday.psychtests.com/tests/do_i_need_therapy_access.html
Nonstoptaxi,
Same advice to you and whole of your family. |
|
Zulfee
USA
|
Posted - Thursday, August 3, 2006 - 7:51 PM
quote:
Keep up the advices, nonstoptaxi Bro!
Nida e khair
Continue the same advice to Nonstoptaxi |
|
iftikharaslam
SAUDI ARABIA
|
Posted - Sunday, August 6, 2006 - 8:46 PM
| DEAR MODERATERS OF THIS SITE WHY DO U WANT 2 CHANGE THE WHOLE CONCEPT OF ISLAM. U R TRYING 2 MAKE ROOM 4 EACH AND EVERY SIN LIKE MUSIC, DANCE, VALENTINE DAY. U DONT WANT 2 CHANGE UR SELVES BUT U WANT 2 CHANGE THE WHOLE ISLAM.PLZ DONT DO THAT. GO AND GET THE ILM-DEEN FROM THE AUTHENTIC ULEMA AND NOT FROM THE SO CALLED MODERN SCHOLERS WHO HAVE BEEN WANDERING FROM THE JAMAT-E-ISLAMI OF MODUDI 2 FARAHI 2 AMIN ISLAHI 2 JAVED GHAMIDI. |
|
sahira
UNITED KINGDOM
|
Posted - Tuesday, August 8, 2006 - 10:41 PM
| Rakhtal, that artical was beautiful, so touching thanks for sharing that with us |
|
marwan
UNITED KINGDOM
|
Posted - Friday, November 3, 2006 - 3:55 PM
Woman’s Dress in the Qur’an
Key words: -
خمار (Khimar): -
Lisan Al Arab (لسان العرب): -
والخِمَارُ للمرأَة، وهو النَّصِيفُ، وقيل: الخمار ما تغطي به المرأَة رأَْسها، وجمعه أَخْمِرَةٌ وخُمْرٌ وخُمُرٌ
(From a Lisan Al Arab word document I have) (refer to point one in endnotes)
Lane’s Lexicon: -
“A woman's muffler, or veil with which she covers her head and the lower part of her face, leaving exposed only the eyes and part or whole of the nose, such is the خمار worn in the present day: a kind of veil which in Turkish is called يشمق; a woman's head-covering.”
(I own Lane’s Lexicon in hardback and Adobe)
Dictionary of the Holy Qur’an* (لغة القران), by ‘Abdul Mannan‘Omar: -
“Head cover, scarf, covering and especially a woman’s head veil, screen.”
(I own this dictionary)
So a خمار is: -
A veil that covers the head.(refer to point 2 in the endnotes)
جلباب (Jilbab): -
Liasan Al Arab (لسان العرب): -
والجِلْبابُ: القَمِيصُ. والجِلْبابُ: ثوب أَوسَعُ من الخِمار، دون الرِّداءِ، تُغَطِّي به المرأَةُ رأْسَها وصَدْرَها؛ وقيل: هو ثوب واسِع، دون المِلْحَفةِ، تَلْبَسه المرأَةُ؛ وقيل: هو المِلْحفةُ. قالت جَنُوبُ أُختُ عَمْرٍو ذي الكَلْب تَرْثِيه: تَمْشِي النُّسورُ إليه، وهي لاهِيةٌ، * مَشْيَ العَذارَى، عليهنَّ الجَلابِيبُ <ص:273> معنى قوله وهي لاهيةٌ: أَن النُّسور آمِنةٌ منه لا تَفْرَقُه لكونه مَيِّتاً، فهي تَمْشِي إِليه مَشْيَ العذارَى. وأَوّل المرثية: كلُّ امرئٍ، بطُوالِ العَيْش، مَكْذُوبُ، * وكُلُّ من غالَبَ الأَيَّامَ مَغْلُوبُ وقيل: هو ما تُغَطِّي به المرأَةُ الثيابَ من فَوقُ كالمِلْحَفةِ؛ وقيل: هو الخِمارُ. وفي حديث أُم عطيةَ: لِتُلْبِسْها صاحِبَتُها من جِلْبابِها أَي إِزارها. وقد تجَلْبَب. قال يصِفُ الشَّيْب: حتى اكْتَسَى الرأْسُ قِناعاً أَشْهَبا، * أَكْرَهَ جِلْبابٍ لِمَنْ تجَلْبَبا(1) (1 قوله «أشهبا» كذا في غير نسخة من المحكم. والذي تقدّم في ثوب أشيبا. وكذلك هو في التكملة هناك.) وفي التنزيل العزيز: يُدْنِينَ علَيْهِنَّ من جَلابِيبِهِنَّ
(From a Lisan Al Arab word document I have)
Lane’s Lexicon: -
جلباب; (S, A, Mgb, Msb, K, &c.) and جلباب; (K;) the latter mentioned ms an ex. of form by Sb, and thought by Seer to be syn. with the former, but not explained by any one except the author of the K; masc. and fem.; (TA;) A [woman's outer wrapping garment called] ملحفة: (S:) or this is its primary signification; but it is metaphorically applied to other kinds of garments: (El-Khafajee, TA:) or a shirt, (K, TA,) absolutely: or one that envelopes the whole body; (TA:) and a wide garment for a woman, less than the ملحفة: or one with which a woman covers over her other garments, like the ملحفة: or the [kind of head-covering called] خمار: (K :) so in the M: (TA:) or a garment wider than the خمار., but less than the رداء , (Mgh, L, Msb,) i with which a woman covers her head and bosom: (L:) or a garment shorter, but wider, than the خمار; the same as the مقنعة (En.Nadr,TA:) or a woman's head-covering: (TA:) or the [kind of wrapper called] ٳزار : (1Aar, TA:) or a garment with which the person is entirely enveloped, so that not even a hand is left exposed, (Har p. 102, and TA,) of the kind called ملاءة , worn by a woman: (TA:) or a garment, or other thing, that one use as a covering: (IF, Msb:) pI. جلابيب (S, Mgh, Msb.) (refer to point three in the endnotes)
Dictionary of the Holy Qur’an* (لغة القران), by ‘Abdul Mannan‘Omar: -
“Loose outer covering; Over-garment; Woman’s gown; Smock; Large outer covering worn by women; Outer cloak; Women’s outer wrapping garment.”
So a Jilbab (جلباب) is either: -
*
A large gown worn as clothing.
or
*
A large cloak worn over other clothes.
زينة (Zeenat): -
Dictionary of the Holy Qur’an* (لغة القران), by ‘Abdul Mannan‘Omar: -
“From زان, زينا, يزين… To adorn, deck. Zinatun زينة : Ornament (as apparel or jewel); Pomp. Zayyana زين : II. To adorn, prepare, deck, make a thing appear pleasing. Izzayyan ازين for Tazayyan: To be adorned.”
An important usage of this word is in the sense of something being (made) desirable, beautiful, alluring etc… Examples of this kind of usage are to be found at: -
2:212, 18:46, 28:60, 35:8, 41:25, 47:14, 48:12, 49:7… etc… in the Qur’an.
Understanding this usage of the word allows us to properly comprehend the usage of زينة in 24:31, 60, to mean that which makes the women desirable, beautiful, pleasing etc…
* Based upon Lisan Al Arab, Taj al-‘Arus, Lane’s Lexicon etc…
Key Verses: -
يَا بَنِي آدَمَ قَدْ أَنزَلْنَا عَلَيْكُمْ لِبَاسًا يُوَارِي سَوْءَاتِكُمْ وَرِيشًا وَلِبَاسُ التَّقْوَىَ ذَلِكَ خَيْرٌ ذَلِكَ مِنْ آيَاتِ اللّهِ لَعَلَّهُمْ يَذَّكَّرُونَ
O children of Adam! We have bestowed unto you the garments to cover your nakedness and as plumage; but the garment of righteousness is best. This is among the signs of God, that they may pay heed
(7:26)
*
The garment of righteousness is the first level of modesty and it is most important, because a covered up woman who acts immorally/immodestly is useless.
يَا نِسَاء النَّبِيِّ لَسْتُنَّ كَأَحَدٍ مِّنَ النِّسَاء إِنِ اتَّقَيْتُنَّ فَلَا تَخْضَعْنَ بِالْقَوْلِ فَيَطْمَعَ الَّذِي فِي قَلْبِهِ مَرَضٌ وَقُلْنَ قَوْلًا مَّعْرُوفًا
O wives of the Prophet! you are not like any other of the women if you fear (Allah)/are righteous; so (if you are righteous) be not soft in (your) speech lest he in whose heart is a disease yearn (for you); and speak appropriate speech.
(33:32)
*
Do not speak softly and in a manner that may attract a man. This is the second level of modesty which grows from the first above.
*
This is not only directed at the wives of the prophet as: -
o
That restriction is not made, consider for example that the prophet was allowed to marry more than 4 women, Allah then explicitly made the restriction that this was only for the prophet (33:50)
o
The wives of the prophet are the ‘mothers’ of the believers (33:6), and they are believers, so why should women not follow their example as commanded by Allah?
o
The Qur’an Guides to the right way (2:185, 17:9) and it is a guidance to the righteous (2:2) in all that it says, unless Allah makes the exception.
o
As an example: - Does (5:32) only apply to the Jews? It was stated to them, and not to us. So…
o
One is required to give good logical and consistent reasons, not just assertion against this.
o
The warning in this ayah is to tell the wives of the prophets that they should not speak softly/meekly (as a result of being righteous) in case they are desired by someone in whose heart is a disease, so for people who say that this applies only to the wives of the prophet, does it mean that it is ok for other women to speak softly and have men in whose heart is a disease -desire/yearn for- them?
+
Consider, Allah commands that we protect our modesty, that we lower our gaze, that woman cover their beauty, but allows women to speak in a manner which would allure men?
*
The above logic on the acceptance of the directive of (33:32) and more applies to (33:33).
قُل لِّلْمُؤْمِنِينَ يَغُضُّوا مِنْ أَبْصَارِهِمْ وَيَحْفَظُوا فُرُوجَهُمْ ذَلِكَ أَزْكَى لَهُمْ إِنَّ اللَّهَ خَبِيرٌ بِمَا يَصْنَعُونَ
Tell the believing men to lower their gaze and (thus) guard their chastity. That is purer for them. Lo! God is aware of what they do.
(24:30)
*
For men: - Do not stare or look at the opposite sex, instead lower your gaze; this is the third level of modesty which grows from the first.
وَقُل لِّلْمُؤْمِنَاتِ يَغْضُضْنَ مِنْ أَبْصَارِهِنَّ وَيَحْفَظْنَ فُرُوجَهُنَّ وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا مَا ظَهَرَ مِنْهَا وَلْيَضْرِبْنَ بِخُمُرِهِنَّ عَلَى جُيُوبِهِنَّ وَلَا يُبْدِينَ زِينَتَهُنَّ إِلَّا لِبُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ آبَائِهِنَّ أَوْ آبَاء بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ أَبْنَائِهِنَّ أَوْ أَبْنَاء بُعُولَتِهِنَّ أَوْ إِخْوَانِهِنَّ أَوْ بَنِي إِخْوَانِهِنَّ أَوْ بَنِي أَخَوَاتِهِنَّ أَوْ نِسَائِهِنَّ أَوْ مَا مَلَكَتْ أَيْمَانُهُنَّ أَوِ التَّابِعِينَ غَيْرِ أُوْلِي الْإِرْبَةِ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ أَوِ الطِّفْلِ الَّذِينَ لَمْ يَظْهَرُوا عَلَى عَوْرَاتِ النِّسَاء وَلَا يَضْرِبْنَ بِأَرْجُلِهِنَّ لِيُعْلَمَ مَا يُخْفِينَ مِن زِينَتِهِنَّ وَتُوبُوا إِلَى اللَّهِ جَمِيعًا أَيُّهَا الْمُؤْمِنُونَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تُفْلِحُونَ
And tell the believing women to lower their gaze and (thus) guard their chastity, and not to make apparent (i.e., hide) their beauty (or those parts which contribute to her beauty) (zinah) except what (normally) becomes apparent thereof and to draw their head-coverings over their bosoms.
And [also tell them] not to reveal their
beauty save to their husbands or their fathers or their husbands' fathers, or their sons or their husbands' sons, or their brothers or their brothers' sons or their sisters' sons, or their womenfolk, or their servants, or male attendants who have no physical desire, or (pre-puberty) children as yet unaware of women's nakedness. And let them not stamp their feet so as to draw attention to what they hide of their beauty. And turn unto God, O believers (both men and women), in order that you may prosper
(24:31)
*
For women: - Do not stare/look at the opposite sex; this is the third level of modesty which grows from the first.
*
Women must not display their beauty (or those parts which contribute to their beauty), except what either normally is apparent or what would need to be apparent. A little thought would indicate the following: -
o
It’s clear that something is considered to be apparent, at least potentially or normally. Either due to awkwardness or necessity. For example: -
+
Covering all the face can make eating and drinking outside difficult.
+
In hot environments it could make the face very uncomfortable.
+
It could impair vision and hence make walking dangerous.
o
The head covering would at least cover the head region in and around the hair area.
o
Women are told to use their head coverings to cover over their bosoms.
o
This would imply that it is now covering the head and the sides of the face and has its end wrapped around her neck so that the ends of the veil cover her bosoms.
o
Its clear that understanding it in this manner is acceptable Qur’anically, especially considering: -
+
24:30, telling men to reduce their gaze, implying that something was exposed. And this is most logically/likely the face or some part thereof.
+
The fact that Allah makes clear that some of the woman’s beauty may/will be exposed (24:31).
*
They must draw their HEAD COVERINGS around and over their bosoms.
o
It is disingenuous and illogical to say that they must/can remove their head coverings to cover their bosoms because: -
1.
There is no need to do so in order to fulfill the command.
2.
The hair of a woman is a part of her beauty, of what makes her attractive. So it must be covered.
o
It’s like saying (within the context of modesty) “I was told to cover my navel with my top… so I took off my top and wrapped it around my belly”… Illogical. But this is the position of the liberal Muslim, they say (by analogy), well Allah only said to cover the naval, so covering anything else must be a cultural thing that we can choose to do or not do.
o
To say that you are not told to cover your head is also disingenuous, because if you are told to cover your bosoms with your head covering (within the context of modesty), it is taken for granted that you are covering your head, so there is no need to explicitly state it.
o
The Qur’an makes the practice of the headscarf covering the head and the bosoms into a rule.
*
Consider: -
o
Allah nowhere explicitly says that a woman’s back must be covered by clothing.
o
Allah nowhere says that ¾ of a woman’s leg cannot be exposed
o
Etc…
o
But they are unambiguously implied by the command to hide a woman’s beauty (and what contributes to it) and by the command to cover themselves with a Jilbab and to use the Khimar to (also) cover their bosom. So the argument that the head is not mentioned explicitly (within the context of covering beauty and the mention of the khimar (head cover)) is merely a biased tactic to avoid wearing the head cover.
*
Women can show part of their beauty to the list mentioned
o
But they must hide their nakedness and not stamp their feet to expose what they hide of their beauty.
+
That is, when a woman stamps her feet, her breasts will shake as may her bottom/hips…
o
So they may relax their clothing a bit, but they do not have to.
يَا أَيُّهَا النَّبِيُّ قُل لِّأَزْوَاجِكَ وَبَنَاتِكَ وَنِسَاء الْمُؤْمِنِينَ يُدْنِينَ عَلَيْهِنَّ مِن جَلَابِيبِهِنَّ ذَلِكَ أَدْنَى أَن يُعْرَفْنَ فَلَا يُؤْذَيْنَ وَكَانَ اللَّهُ غَفُورًا رَّحِيمًا
O Prophet! Tell your wives and your daughters and the women of the believers to
bring down/lower over their bodies of their cloaks/gowns (Jalabeebihinna, Jalabeeb being the plural of Jilbab). That is better for being recognized and not being annoyed/harmed. God is ever forgiving, merciful.
(33:59)
*
Women are to cover themselves with a Jilbab, which is a large garment/cloak that can cover the clothes beneath.
*
This is to make the woman recognizable as a Muslim woman
o
And this will be across time and cultures, so the argument that women will dress according to times or in a manner suitable to the times is false.
o
This is the command of Allah not a culturally variable tradition.
*
And to help decrease the chance of her being annoyed/hurt. Annoyed why? Obviously due to the men who would desire them if they saw the beauty of the women. Feminists may not like accepting this reality, but that is their problem.
وَالْقَوَاعِدُ مِنَ النِّسَاء اللَّاتِي لَا يَرْجُونَ نِكَاحًا فَلَيْسَ عَلَيْهِنَّ جُنَاحٌ أَن يَضَعْنَ ثِيَابَهُنَّ غَيْرَ مُتَبَرِّجَاتٍ بِزِينَةٍ وَأَن يَسْتَعْفِفْنَ خَيْرٌ لَّهُنَّ وَاللَّهُ سَمِيعٌ عَلِيمٌ
... The elderly women who have no desire to get married commit nothing wrong by laying aside their(outer) garments without making a show/display of their beauty (or those parts which contribute to her beauty) (zinah). And to refrain from this is better for them. Allah is hearer, knower
(24:60)
This would imply that the elderly/postmenstrual woman can take off her Jilbab (the large outer covering), as long as her remaining clothes do not -show off/make a display of- her beauty (or those parts which contribute to her beauty). مُتَبَرِّجَاتٍ here meaning making a display or show as opposed to يُبْدِينَ and ظَهَرَ in (24:31) which means what is apparent or allowing to appear. If we did not understand it in this way (i.e., no Jilbab/outer covering), then it would imply that Allah is saying older women can take off their normal clothes in a way that somehow does not show off their nakedness… Absurd.
وَقَرْنَ فِي بُيُوتِكُنَّ وَلَا تَبَرَّجْنَ تَبَرُّجَ الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ الْأُولَى وَأَقِمْنَ الصَّلَاةَ وَآتِينَ الزَّكَاةَ وَأَطِعْنَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا
And reside in/associate with your houses and do not -display/make a show of- yourselves like the displaying of the ignorance of former times; and keep up prayer, and pay the poor-rate, and obey Allah and His Messenger. Allah only desires to keep away the uncleanness from you O people of the House and to purify you a (thorough) purifying.
(33:33)
*
Married women should have as their primary social focus the home.
o
This has support in the Qur’anic conception of the husband and wife dynamic.
o
The reason this verse is applicable was stated briefly in the discussion of (33:32)
*
They should not make themselves up to look good or to display themselves when they go out.
Some examples of Clothing: -
(could not put in the picture, go to my site for a picture)
http://www.simplyislam.com/cloths.asp
As an example, this style of clothing is fine, but without the inclusion of coloured bands etc... as they are there to beautify which does not fit with the command of modesty as described in the Qur’an.
The actual way that Hijab is used in the Qur’an: -
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا لَا تَدْخُلُوا بُيُوتَ النَّبِيِّ إِلَّا أَن يُؤْذَنَ لَكُمْ إِلَى طَعَامٍ غَيْرَ نَاظِرِينَ إِنَاهُ وَلَكِنْ إِذَا دُعِيتُمْ فَادْخُلُوا فَإِذَا طَعِمْتُمْ فَانتَشِرُوا وَلَا مُسْتَأْنِسِينَ لِحَدِيثٍ إِنَّ ذَلِكُمْ كَانَ يُؤْذِي النَّبِيَّ فَيَسْتَحْيِي مِنكُمْ وَاللَّهُ لَا يَسْتَحْيِي مِنَ الْحَقِّ وَإِذَا سَأَلْتُمُوهُنَّ مَتَاعًا فَاسْأَلُوهُنَّ مِن وَرَاء حِجَابٍ ذَلِكُمْ أَطْهَرُ لِقُلُوبِكُمْ وَقُلُوبِهِنَّ وَمَا كَانَ لَكُمْ أَن تُؤْذُوا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ وَلَا أَن تَنكِحُوا أَزْوَاجَهُ مِن بَعْدِهِ أَبَدًا إِنَّ ذَلِكُمْ كَانَ عِندَ اللَّهِ عَظِيمًا
O you who believe! do not enter the houses of the Prophet unless permission is given to you for a meal, not waiting for its cooking being finished-- but when you are invited, enter, and when you have taken the food, then disperse-- without seeking to remain for conversation; surely this gives the Prophet trouble, but he forbears from you, and Allah does not forbear from the truth. And when you ask of them (the prophet’s wives) any goods, ask of them from behind a partition/barrier (hijab); this is purer for your hearts and (for) their hearts; and it does not behove you that you should give trouble to the Messenger of Allah, nor that you should marry his wives after him ever; surely this is grievous in the sight of Allah.
(33:53)
As can be seen, Hijab (حجاب) is here used as a screen and barrier (as it usually is in the Qur’an). So if anything, the usage of this word with regard to the head covering is a cultural innovation in Islam, but not the concept of covering the head.
Conclusion: -
The two main conclusions are: -
1.
The covering of the beauty of a woman, and all that contributes to it, is mandated in the Qur’an. Specifically: -
1.
Headcover wrapped over the bosoms is mandated in the Qur’an.
2.
The wearing of a Jilbab which will cover the body/clothes is mandated in the Qur’an.
3.
In short the covering of the whole body except for what would normally appear, like the face (which according to the rules of modesty and not making a show of beauty, should not have make up).
2.
Claims of Hijab (as a head dress) being a cultural creation in Islam are true only in the sense of head covering being called hijab, but not in the sense of the covering of the head in itself.
Those who would try to say that hijab is not mandated in the Qur’an and so women do not need to wear it (i.e., leave their heads uncovered) are playing with words and they are working with impure intensions and flawed logic.
ENDNOTES
(1) For a bit more from Lisan Al arab in this section:
والخِمَارُ للمرأَة، وهو النَّصِيفُ، وقيل: الخمار ما تغطي به المرأَة رأَْسها، وجمعه أَخْمِرَةٌ وخُمْرٌ وخُمُرٌ. والخِمِرُّ، بكسر الخاء والميم وتشديد الراء: لغة في الخمار؛ عن ثعلب، وأَنشد: ثم أَمالَتْ جانِبَ الخِمِرِّ والخِمْرَةُ: من الخِمار كاللِّحْفَةِ من اللِّحَافِ. يقال: إِنها لحسنة الخِمْرَةِ. وفي المثل: إِنَّ الْعَوَانَ لا تُعَلَّمُ الخِمْرَةَ أَي إِن المرأَة المجرّبة لا تُعَلَّمُ كيف تفعل. وتَخَمَّرَتْ بالخِمار واخْتَمَرَتْ: لَبِسَتْه، وخَمَّرَتْ به رأْسَها: غَطَّتْه. وفي حديث أُم سلمة: أَنه كان يمسح على الخُفِّ والخِمار؛ أَرادت بالخمار العمامة لأَن الرجل يغطي بها رأْسه كما أَن المرأَة تغطيه بخمارها، وذلك إِذا كان قد اعْتَمَّ عِمَّةَ العرب فأَرادها تحت الحنك فلا يستطيع نزعها في كل وقت فتصير كالخفين،، غير أَنه يحتاج إِلى مسح القليل من الرأْس ثم يمسح على العمامة بدل الاستيعاب؛ ومنه قول عمر، رضي الله عنه، لمعاوية: ما أَشبه عَيْنَك بِخِمْرَةِ هِنْدٍ؛ الخمرةُ: هيئة الاختمار؛ وكل مغطًّى: مُخَمَّرٌ. وروي عن النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، أَنه قال: خَمِّرُوا آنِيَتَكُمْ؛ قال أَبو عمرو: التخمير التغطية، وفي رواية: خَمِّرُوا الإِناء وأَوْكُوا السِّقَاءَ؛ ومنه الحديث: أَنه أُتِيَ بإِناءِ من لَبَنِ فقال: هلاَّ خَمَّرْتَه ولو بعود تَعْرِضُه عليه. والمُخَمَّرَةُ من الشياه: البيضاءُ الرأْسِ، وقيل: هي النعجة السوداء ورأْسها أَبيض مثل الرَّخْماءِ، مشتق من خِمار المرأَة؛ قال أَبو زيد: إِذا ابيض رأْس النعجة من بين جسدها، فهي مُخَمَّرة ورَخْماءُ؛ وقال الليث: هي المختمرة من الضأْن والمِعْزَى. وفرس مُخَمَّرٌ: أَبيضٌ الرأْس وسائر لونه ما كان. ويقال: ما شَمَّ خِمارَكَ أَي ما أَصابَكَ، يقال ذلك للرجل إِذا تغير عما كان عليه. وخَمِرَ عليه خَمَراً وأَخْمَرَ: حَقَدَ. وخَمَرَ الرجلَ يَخْمِرُهُ: استحيا منه. والخَمَرُ: أَن تُخْرَزَ ناحيتا أَديم المَزَادَة ثم تُعَلَّى بِخَرْزٍ آخَر. والخُمْرَةُ: حصيرة أَو سَجَّادَةٌ صغيرة تنسج من سَعَفِ النخل وتُرَمَّلُ بالخيوط، وقيل: حصيرة أَصغر من المُصَلَّى، وقيل: الخُمْرَة الحصير الصغير الذي يسجد عليه. وفي الحديث: أَن النبي، صلى الله عليه وسلم، كان يسجد على الخُمْرَةِ؛ وهو حصير صغير قدر ما يسجد عليه ينسج من السَّعَفِ؛ قال الزجاج: سميت خُمْرة لأَنها تستر الوجه من الأَرض. وفي حديث أُم سلمة قال لها وهي حائض: ناوليني الخُمْرَةَ؛ وهي مقدار ما يضع الرجل عليه وجهه في سجوده من حصير أَو نسيجة خوص ونحوه من النبات؛ قال: ولا تكون خمرة إِلاَّ في هذا المقدار، وسميت خمرة لأَن خيوطها مستورة بسعفها؛ قال ابن الأَثير: وقد تكررت في الحديث وهكذا فسرت. وقد جاء في سنن أَبي داود عن ابن عباس قال: جاءت فأْرة فأَخذت تَجُرُّ الفَتِيلَة فجاءتْ بها فأَلقتها بين يدي رسولُ الله، صلى الله عليه وسلم، على الخُمْرَةِ التي كان قاعداً عليها فأَحرقت منها مثل موضع درهم، قال: وهذا صريح في إِطلاق الخُمْرَةِ على الكبير من نوعها. قال: وقيل العجين اختمر لأَن فطورته قد غطاها الخَمَرُ، وهو الاختمار. ويقال: قد خَمَرْتُ العجين وأَخْمَرْته وفَطَرْتُه وأَفْطَرْتُه، قال: وسمي الخَمْرُ خَمْراً لأَنه يغطي العقل، ويقال لكل ما يستر من شجر أَو غيره: خَمَرٌ، وما ستره من شجر خاصة، فهو الضَّرَاءُ. والخُمْرَةُ: الوَرْسُ وأَشياء من الطيب تَطْلي به المرأَة وجهها ليحسن لونها، وقد تَخَمَّرَتْ، وهي لغة في الغُمْرَةِ. والخُمْرَةُ: بِزْزُ العَكَابِرِ (* قوله: «العكابر» كذا بالأَصل ولعله الكعابر). التي تكون في عيدان الشجر. واسْتَخْمَر الرجلَ: استعبده؛ ومنه حديث معاذ: من اسْتَخْمَرَ قوماً أَوَّلُهُمْ أَحْرارٌ وجِيرانٌ مستضعفون فله ما قَصَرَ في بيته. قال أَبو عبيد: كان ابن المبارك يقول في قوله من استخمر قوماً أَي استعبدهم، بلغة أَهل اليمن، يقول: أَخذهم قهراً وتملك عليهم، يقول: فما وَهَبَ المَلِكُ من هؤلاء لرجل فَقَصَرَهُ الرجل في بيته أَي احتبسه واختاره واستجراه في خدمته حتى جاء الإِسلام وهو عنده عبد فهو له. ابن الأَعرابي: المُخامَرَةُ أَن يبيع الرجل غلاماً حُرّاً على أَنه عبده؛ قال أَبو منصور: وقول معاذ من هذا أُخذ، أَراد من استعبد قوماً في الجاهلية ثم جاء الإِسلام، فله ما حازه في بيته لا يخرج من يده، وقوله: وجيران مستضعفون أَراد ربما استجار به قوم أَو جاوروه فاستضعفهم واستعبدهم، فلذلك لا يخرجون من يده، وهذا مبني على إِقرار الناس على ما في أَيديهم. وأَخْمَرَهُ الشيءَ: أَعطاه إِياه أَو مَلَّكَهُ؛ قال محمد بن كثير: هذا كلام عندنا معروف باليمن لا يكاد يُتكلم بغيره؛ يقول الرجل: أَخْمِرني كذا وكذا أَي أَعطنيه هبة لي، ملكني إِياه، ونحو هذا. وأَخْمَر الشيءَ: أَغفله؛ عن ابن الأَعرابي. واليَخْمُورُ: الأَجْوَفُ المضطرب من كل شيء. واليَخْمُورُ أَيضاً: الودع، واحدته يَخْمُورَةٌ. ومِخْمَرٌ وخُمَيْرٌ: اسمان. وذو الخِمَار: اسم فرس الزبير بن العوّام شهد عليه يوم الجمل. وباخَمْرَى: موضع بالبادية، وبها قبر إِبراهيم (* قوله: «وبها قبر إِبراهيم إلخ» عبارة القاموس وشرحه: بها قبر إِبراهيم بن عبدالله المحض بن الحسن المثني بن الحسن السبط الشهيد ابن علي إلخ. ثم قال: خرج أي بالبصرة سنة ؟؟ وبايعه وجوه الناس، وتلقب بأمير المؤمنين فقلق لذلك أَبو جعفر المنصور فأرسل إليه عيسى بن موسى لقتاله فاستشهد السيد إبراهيم وحمل رأسه إلى مصر اهـ. باختصار). بن عبدالله بن الحسن بن علي بن أَبي طالب، عليهم السلام
Its primary signification when referring to a woman (as found in the Qur’anic context) is without any doubt, the veil.
(2) Many liberal Muslims try to say that as a khimar can mean various things (refer to endnote 1 above), like a cover or anything which covers, and so they say that we should not limit it to just the meaning of veil. Hence, they say, unless we take a backward cultural interpretation of khimar, we have no reason to interpret it as a head covering. My answer to this is: the correct understanding must be derived from the context in which the word is, in this case the ayah and the Qur’an as a whole. The ayah context is something that the women would have with them, that can be drawn over their breasts, which has a predominant meaning of headscarf/ veil. The Qur’an and ayah context is of modesty and concealing the beauty of a woman. We must note also that when we look up the word khimar (خمار) in the classical dictionaries, the most obvious and foremost meaning is that of the veil/headscarf.
To say that Khimar (خمار) means table cloth or some random sheet is illogical within the language/ayah/Qur’an context above (why would women be carrying around random covers?). To say that the khimar is mentioned only as a cultural fashion with no religious significance ignores the -modesty/hiding what contributes to beauty- context as well as unnecessarily ignores the establishment of a normative practice of 1) Maintaining and using the veil and 2) Covering the breasts with it(‘s ends). Consider, instead of Allah telling the women to pull their cloaks or dresses over their breasts (i.e., hide their cleavage), hence leaving them free to wear or not wear a veil, Allah tells them to use THEIR veils to cover their breasts/cleavage (which within the liberalist context would just be an extra unnecessary bit of clothing). This has a dual function 1) It clarified for the women (Some? All?) who wore it at that time with the cleavage exposed (according their culture (Ibn Kathir)) to wrap it around so that they covered the cleavage and it clarified for all later generations that the veil should be put on the head and wrapped around below the neck to cover the breasts.
(3)Jilbab can also refer to veil/headscarf that covers the chest (Lisan Al Arab), but Allah uses the word khimar for this meaning (a woman’s veil being the predominant meaning for khimar) and the word jilbab for the gown worn over the woman and some clothes she may have below it, which Allah tells women to draw down/lower (the Jibab) on their bodies (them selves) as opposed to their breasts in the verse referring to the khimar.
Edited by: marwan on Saturday, November 04, 2006 6:16 PM
Edited by: marwan on Friday, May 14, 2010 9:46 PM
Edited by: marwan on Friday, May 14, 2010 9:47 PM |
|
hkhan
UNITED KINGDOM
|
Posted - Saturday, November 4, 2006 - 11:50 PM
we appreciate that due to the highly tolerant policy of the studying islam site i.e. that it gives space to various views regardless of sectarinism and prejudice of any kind, we have a great opportunity here to look at various opinions about relevant verses of Qura'n and the prophet sws's sayings to help make our minds and practice, using our own sense and logic as well in the light of this knowledge, instead of following any person blindly.
thnx marwanfor the detailed explanation but it wud be appreciated if members send longer postings into our articles section; we are always in need of educational articles; and just give links in the forums plz, besides your own words/discussion
for more re: hijab on this site ps
http://www.studying-islam.org/forum/topic.aspx?topicid=528&pg=1&lang=&forumid=1 |
|
 Reply to Topic 
Printer Friendly |
| Jump To: |
|
|
|